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Nataliia's Function Demo

Three kinds of functions: math calc, text manipulation, and HTML return.

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1) Math Function: addTax($price, $rate)

Before addTax: price = $19.99

Returned total (6% tax): $21.19

Original price is unchanged (passed by value): $19.99

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2) Text Function: textReport($text)

Original: " hello from LANSING COLLEGE "
Trimmed Title Case: "Hello From Lansing College"
Vowel Count: 8

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3) HTML Function: noticeCard($title, $body)

Success!

Your functions are working great.

Reminder

Keep examples short, clear, and consistent.

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Bonus) By-Reference Example: bump(&$n, $amount)

Before bump: n = 10

After bump(&n, 5): n = 15

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End of demo.

CODE FOLLOWS


<?php

include('includes/header.php');



// Code

error_reporting(E_ALL);

date_default_timezone_set("America/Detroit");



echo("<h1>Nataliia's Function Demo</h1>");

echo("<p>Three kinds of functions: math calc, text manipulation, and HTML return.</p>");



// ========= Helpers =========

function line() { echo("<p>" . str_repeat("_", 48) . "</p>"); }



// ========= Function 1: Math calculation (price + tax) =========

// Takes a price and a tax rate, returns the total with tax.

function addTax($price, $rate = 0.06) {

    $total = $price + ($price * $rate);

    return round($total, 2);

}



// ========= Function 2: Text manipulation (trim + title + count vowels) =========

// Returns a small report string about the text

function textReport($text) {

    $clean = trim($text);

    $title = ucwords(strtolower($clean)); // Title Case

    $vowels = preg_match_all('/[aeiouyAEIOUY]/', $clean);

    return "Original: \"$text\"<br>Trimmed Title Case: \"$title\"<br>Vowel Count: $vowels";

}



// ========= Function 3: HTML builder (makes a simple card/notice) =========

// Returns an HTML string (no echo inside the function)

function noticeCard($title, $body) {

    $title = htmlspecialchars($title);

    $body  = htmlspecialchars($body);

    $html  = "<div style='border:1px solid #ccc; padding:12px; border-radius:12px; max-width:520px; box-shadow:2px 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,.06); margin:8px 0;'>

                    <h3 style='margin:0 0 6px 0;'>$title</h3>

                    <p style='margin:0;'>$body</p>

                  </div>";

    return $html;

}



// ========= (Bonus) by-reference example =========

// Bumps a number up by $amount. Demonstrates pass-by-reference (&).

function bump(&$n, $amount = 1) {

    $n = $n + $amount;

}



// ================== Demo Calls ==================

line();

echo("<h2>1) Math Function: addTax(\$price, \$rate)</h2>");

$price = 19.99;

echo("<p>Before addTax: price = \$$price</p>");

$withTax = addTax($price, 0.06);

echo("<p>Returned total (6% tax): \$$withTax</p>");

echo("<p>Original price is unchanged (passed by value): \$$price</p>");



line();

echo("<h2>2) Text Function: textReport(\$text)</h2>");

$text = "   hello from LANSING COLLEGE   ";

echo("<p>" . textReport($text) . "</p>");



line();

echo("<h2>3) HTML Function: noticeCard(\$title, \$body)</h2>");

$card = noticeCard("Success!", "Your functions are working great.");

echo($card);

echo(noticeCard("Reminder", "Keep examples short, clear, and consistent."));



line();

echo("<h2>Bonus) By-Reference Example: bump(&\$n, \$amount)</h2>");

$n = 10;

echo("<p>Before bump: n = $n</p>");

bump($n, 5); // modifies $n directly

echo("<p>After bump(&n, 5): n = $n</p>");



line();

echo("<p><i>End of demo.</i></p>");



include('includes/footer.php');

?>

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